Peak vertical jump power predicts radial bone strength better than hand grip strength in healthy individuals. | Communications in Kinesiology

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.51224/cik.v1i2.13

Keywords:

pQCT, strength-strain index, bone strength index, vertical jump, grip strength, bone strength

Vanessa Yingling

California State University, East Bay

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-6223

Rebekkah Reichert

California State University, East Bay

Andrew Denys

California State University, East Bay

Priscilla Franson

California State University, East Bay

Kimberly Espartero

California State University, East Bay

Maria Alvarez

California State University, East Bay

Kirstie Huynh

California State University, East Bay

Karen Serrano Vides

California State University, East Bay

Arianna Mazzarini

California State University, East Bay

Abstract

Osteoporosis is considered a pediatric disease with geriatric consequences. However, measuring bone strength in children is complex and creates a practical problem for health professionals, teachers and parents. A non-invasive measure of muscle fitness that correlates to bone strength may provide a means to monitor bone strength throughout the lifespan. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between common muscle function tests (relative grip strength (RGS), peak vertical jump power (PP)) and bone strength in the radial diaphysis and epiphysis of a healthy population. Healthy participants (n=147 (81 female)) performed a bilateral grip strength test using a hand dynamometer, and a maximal vertical jump test. Peak vertical jump power was calculated from maximal jump height using the Sayer’s equation. Moment of inertia (MoI), cortical area (CoA), cortical bone mineral density (cBMD), and polar strength-strain index (SSIp) were measured using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) to determine bone strength parameters at the 66% radial site (predominantly cortical bone). At the 4% site (trabecular bone site), bone mineral content (vBMC.tb), bone mineral density (vBMD.tb), total area (ToA.tb) and bone strength index (BSIc) were measured. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses determined the relationship of each muscle function test for each bone envelope (cortical and trabecular). For the cortical bone measurements: RGS, and PP were both significantly correlated with CoA, MoI, and SSIp. Peak vertical jump power predicted bone strength parameters to a greater extent compared to RGS. For the trabecular bone envelope, RGS was not a predictor of bone strength however peak power was a significant predictor of bone strength parameters. Peak vertical jump power was a significant predictor of bone strength at both trabecular and cortical radial sites. Interestingly PP, a lower limb measurement explained the most variance in the bone strength of the upper limb.

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Yingling, V., Reichert, R., Denys, A., Franson, P., Espartero, K., Alvarez, M. ., … Mazzarini, A. (2021). Peak vertical jump power predicts radial bone strength better than hand grip strength in healthy individuals . Communications in Kinesiology, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.51224/cik.v1i2.13 (Original work published March 9, 2021)

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Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.

Author Biographies

Vanessa Yingling, California State University, East Bay

Department of Kinesiology Associate Professor California State University, East Bay

Karen Serrano Vides, California State University, East Bay

Osteoporosis is considered a pediatric disease with geriatric consequences. However, measuring bone strength in children is complex and creates a practical problem for health professionals, teachers and parents. A non-invasive measure of muscle fitness that correlates to bone strength may provide a means to monitor bone strength throughout the lifespan. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between common muscle function tests (relative grip strength (RGS), peak vertical jump power (PP)) and bone strength in the radial diaphysis and epiphysis of a healthy population. Healthy participants (n=147 (81 female)) performed a bilateral grip strength test using a hand dynamometer, and a maximal vertical jump test. Peak vertical jump power was calculated from maximal jump height using the Sayer’s equation. Moment of inertia (MoI), cortical area (CoA), cortical bone mineral density (cBMD), and polar strength-strain index (SSIp) were measured using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) to determine bone strength parameters at the 66% radial site (predominantly cortical bone). At the 4% site (trabecular bone site), bone mineral content (vBMC.tb), bone mineral density (vBMD.tb), total area (ToA.tb) and bone strength index (BSIc) were measured. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses determined the relationship of each muscle function test for each bone envelope (cortical and trabecular). For the cortical bone measurements: RGS, and PP were both significantly correlated with CoA, MoI, and SSIp. Peak vertical jump power predicted bone strength parameters to a greater extent compared to RGS. For the trabecular bone envelope, RGS was not a predictor of bone strength however peak power was a significant predictor of bone strength parameters. Peak vertical jump power was a significant predictor of bone strength at both trabecular and cortical radial sites. Interestingly PP, a lower limb measurement explained the most variance in the bone strength of the upper limb.

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